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Karl Smidt
Karl Ernst Smidt〔His full name was Karl Ernst Smidt, but he was usually referred to as Karl Smidt. For unknown reasons (probably to a confusion with another navy officer called Alfred Schmidt) he is widely known in recent military history literature under the name "Alfred-Karl", in contradiction to his own personal documents and his own use of the name.〕 (30 August 1903 – 11 January 1984) was a Kapitän zur See with the Kriegsmarine during World War II and later a Konteradmiral with the Bundesmarine. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross ((ドイツ語:Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes)). The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Smidt was a member of the Confessing Church. From 1961 to 1963 he was the NATO Commander-in-Chief of the German Fleet of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, i.e. the "Flag Officer Germany" of the NATO (CINCGERFLEET).
==Early life and pre-war service==
Smidt was born in Neuenhaus, district of Grafschaft Bentheim, in the Province of Hanover on 30 August 1903, the son of pastor Reinhard Petrus Wolbertus Smidt. He began his naval career with the Reichsmarine on 31 March 1922 as a member "Crew 1922" (the incoming class of 1922) after graduation from the ''humanistische Gymnasium'' (humanities-oriented secondary school) in Hameln with his ''Abitur'' (diploma). Smidt married Ruth Kühl in 1930. The marriage produced two daughters and a son, Antje, Wolbert K., former director of the Federal Intelligence Service () and Hilke. Smidt joined the Confessing Church () with pastor Hermann Steen in Holthusen, district of Weener, after making an official visit to the Emsland-concentration camp Esterwegen near Papenburg in 1935.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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